1. Viewing Angle

The viewing angle of an LED display is fully determined by its LED beads.

• Outdoor displays: Elliptical LEDs with 100° horizontal and 50° vertical viewing angles
• Indoor displays: SMD LEDs with 120° omnidirectional viewing angle
• Highway displays: Round LEDs with 30° viewing angle

There is a trade-off between viewing angle and brightness. A wider viewing angle will reduce brightness. Choose the appropriate angle based on actual usage scenarios.

2. Brightness

LED brightness is a core factor determining display brightness. Higher brightness provides a larger current margin, helping save energy and maintain stability.

For most applications, 100° LEDs are recommended to balance viewing angle, brightness, and cost for different pixel pitches and viewing distances.

3. Failure Rate

Full-color LED displays consist of tens of thousands of RGB pixels. Any faulty LED will affect the overall visual effect.

According to industry standards, the failure rate caused by LED bead defects shall not exceed 0.03% after assembly and 72-hour aging test before delivery.

4. Anti-static Ability

As semiconductor devices, LEDs are sensitive to static electricity. Excellent anti-static performance is critical to extending the service life of displays.

Qualified LEDs must withstand static voltage of no less than 2000V in the Human Body Model test.

5. Service Life

The theoretical lifespan of LED beads is 100,000 hours, much longer than other components of LED displays.

LED beads account for about 70% of the total cost of an LED display and directly determine the product quality.

6. Attenuation Performance

Brightness decline and color inconsistency are mainly caused by LED brightness attenuation after long-term use.

• Red LED attenuation: less than 2%
• Blue & Green LED attenuation: less than 10%

It is recommended to use blue and green LEDs at 70%–80% of the rated current to slow down attenuation.

7. Size

LED bead size determines the pixel pitch and resolution of the display:

• 5mm elliptical: Outdoor P16 and above
• 3mm elliptical: Outdoor P10 / P12 / P12.5
• 3528 SMD: Indoor P6 / P8
• 2020 SMD: Indoor P2 / P3

8. Consistency

The consistency of brightness and wavelength of RGB LEDs determines the display’s white balance and chroma performance.

Standard requirements: Wavelength tolerance ≤ 5nm, brightness ratio ≤ 1:1.3.

Angle consistency of RGB LEDs directly affects color fidelity at different viewing angles, which is essential for high-end LED displays.